The process of recycling and sorting waste contributes significantly to strengthening the local economy and protecting the environment, human is always looking for development in all levels of life and he is making many achievements in order to achieve this development through various industries and the application of many technologies. However, these industries entail a heavy burden of environmental pollution in the atmosphere, land or aquatic environments. Therefore, recycling is an important topic that must be given attention and care to reduce the rates of such pollution. Waste or residues are unwanted solid, liquid or gaseous materials resulting from various human activities, whether they are extractive industries such as the extraction of crude oil and natural gas, the extraction of mineral ores such as lead, iron and nickel, and even non-metallic ores such as phosphate, or transformation industries that include a wide range of industrial activities such as the manufacture of food products, oil refining operations, petrochemical industries, manufactured fertilizers, and others. Naturally, these industries release large quantities of materials that contribute significantly to soil, water and atmosphere pollution, which has a significant and dangerous impact on the future of water, food and agricultural security and consequently a negative impact on the economies of countries. Hence, the importance of the process of recycling various wastes and residues (Recycling) emerged, which includes remanufacturing or using waste, whether domestic, industrial or agricultural, by applying certain technologies with the aim of reducing the volume and quantity of this waste and thus limiting its accumulation in the environment.

The process of recycling waste has many advantages, and at the same time this process involves disadvantages that must be addressed, as the advantages include reducing the spread of pollution; through recycling processes that allow the use of recycled materials again instead of incorrect disposal procedures. And protecting the environment; as recycling processes play a major role in protecting ecosystems and maintaining their balance, as is the case in paper recycling processes that limit the cutting of specific trees and thus the removal of the forest community, which is an important source of oxygen production. Yet, reducing the impact of global warming on the Earth; by reducing waste burning and thus reducing the production of greenhouse gases, which are the main cause of reducing the efficiency of the ozone layer and climate change. This process also contributes to preserving natural resources; by reducing dependence on raw materials extracted from nature. In addition to reducing landfills; by reducing the areas allocated for this waste, which contributes to reducing soil and groundwater pollution and the deterioration of ecosystems. In addition to the advantages of sustainable use of existing resources, providing job opportunities, reducing energy consumption and reducing production costs.

 At the same time, the waste recycling process has disadvantages represented by the large capital; recycling operations are often expensive and require support and enhancement such as purchasing equipment and vehicles, upgrading operating mechanisms, training the concerned persons, and other requirements that contribute to raising the material costs of the recycling process. However, recycling sites and facilities may be unsafe from a health and environmental perspective due to the huge amounts of waste or debris they contain that constitute a source of the spread of infectious diseases or even poisoning the surrounding environment based on the amount of hazardous chemicals contained in these wastes, especially the health risks that workers in this field may be exposed to.

Some recycled products may not be of the required standard; it is known that recycled products may not be of the same quality as the original materials, but they contribute significantly and effectively to the saving of raw materials. Recycling is usually on a small scale; despite the advantages of recycling processes, they have not been developed and spread on a large scale. These processes are still applied in a small area in specific places such as schools and homes, but they have not been used completely in local industries or even globally.

Recycling waste transforms it into reusable materials, and contributes significantly to reducing energy use, thus reducing reliance on new raw materials, reducing air and water pollution, as well as reducing greenhouse gas emissions that have a greenhouse effect on the Earth's climate. Waste that can be recycled includes plastics, glass, metal cans, textiles, car tires, and some electronic devices.

Finally, it can be said that disposing of waste by recycling it for the purpose of reusing it or following correct methods for burying it and disposing of it finally in order to maintain the environmental balance, as countries that follow this technology have begun to provide material and financial gains resulting from the waste recycling process while taking into account the primary goal of maintaining a healthy and environmentally sound environment that does not affect the climate changes that we are currently suffering from.